Profile of the Episcopal House of Bishops

July, 2003

By Louie Crew, Deputy from Newark, Member of Executive Council

 Emeritus Professor, Rutgers University

©1997, 2000, 2003 by Louie Crew, lcrew@newark.rutgers.edu.
Freely reproduce, but only if you acknowledge your source and send any URL's or hard copy to
Louie Crew, 377 S. Harrison Street, East Orange, NJ 07018-1222

Contents

Note: This article is in process. It directly parallels A Profile of the House of Deputies for 2003. I have also prepared a full list of the deputations for each diocese, including bishops and deputies.

Parts of the report focus on the data for only the 100 domestic dioceses of the Episcopal Church. Other tallies include bishops outside the domestic 100. Readers need to be sensitive to the difference.

Note:  This report is current as of the time of publication, July, 2003.  I will not attempt to update email links and other data on an ongoing basis at this location. If possible, I will update it again in 2006.  You may also want to look at my 2000 Profile of the House of Bishops and at my 1997 profile of the House of Bishops.

For the most current email information and other data on a specific bishop, see her or his record at http://www.andromeda.rutgers.edu/~lcrew/bishops/index.html

A suggestion about how to read this document

Hypertext documents are not meant to be read linearly, from start to finish. Instead, they make it easy for you to move from place to place, indeed sometimes from this document to other documents. Use the Table of Contents as a tool to move around. Also use the FIND feature of your browser. For example, the Table of Contents will point you to primary data about Gender, but materials related to male and female issue appear throughout the document. Using your FIND feature to search for the string MALE and you will locate most of the related materials.

Since this document directly parallels my Profile of the House of Deputies, some readers may prefer to launch a separate browser simultaneously, to all them to load both documents at the same time and switch back and forth for easier comparison.

Bishops by Type

+Frank T. Griswold Episcopal means "overseen by bishops." A bishop is the overseer. Bishops come in several types. The highest rank in ECUSA is the Presiding Bishop, currently Most Reverend Frank T. Griswold. The Presiding Bishop presides over the House of Bishops. His Cathedral is the National Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul in Washington, DC. His residence is in the Episcopal Church Center at 815 Second Avenue in New York City, one block from the United Nations, at the intersection of 2nd Avenue and 43rd Street, on the Eastside of mid-Manhattan. The Presiding Bishop, once elected, no longer serves as a diocesan bishop, nor is the Presiding Bishop an Archbishop: the Presiding Bishop has the authority to represent ECUSA as our 'primate' at meetings of primates of various parts of the Anglican Communion, but our Presiding Bishop lacks the authority all the other primates bring to those gathering.

Presiding Bishop Griswold, the 25th Presiding Bishop, was elected to a 9-year term at General Convention in 1997 and began serving on January 1, 1998.  Recent presiding bishops had 12-year terms, but that was reduced by General Convention in 1994.  His successor will be nominated before the 2006 General Convention and will be elected at that convention, to begin serving in the fall of that year.  See Who Will Be the 26th PB?

See also all Canonical and Constitutional statements related to such elections.

Other categories of bishops include, in descending order of rank:

A coadjutor is elected with guaranteed right to succeed the diocesan, but serves under the diocesan until the coadjutor becomes the diocesan. Terms for coadjutor status are at the discretion of the diocesan. 
Those who wish to remove the vote point out that retired bishops are no longer accountable to any constituency.  Those who want them to keep the vote point out that they are thus free to vote their informed conscience even more than active bishops. 
pie:  Bps by type
Bishops and all others are accountable to the General Convention, a bicameral legislature which meets triennially (and may have special meetings, such as the one at South Bend in 1969). The House of Deputies is one chamber, the House of Bishops the other. Legislation must pass in both Houses to be official policy of the Episcopal Church.

During the interim, the Presiding Bishop and Executive Council provide oversight at the national level. There are 100 domestic dioceses of the Episcopal Church. Each dioceses has much choice in terms of its liturgical and theological preferences, including choice of candidates for ordination, although persons are guaranteed access to the process without regard to gender, race, or sexual orientation.

General Convention governs the church through Constitution and Canons, and it advises the church through resolutions. The House of Bishops twice a year, even in years when General Convention does not meet, but it cannot pass legislation without the concurrence of the older House of Deputies. The 1977 House of Bishops' conscience clause, for example, was passed to allow bishops who disagreed with the 1976 canon permitting the ordination of women not to recognize such ordinations in their own Sees. The conscience clause was not a legal document because it never received the concurrence of the House of Deputies. The 1997 General Convention revised the canons to require that women's ministries be enabled in every diocese. That change was much criticized by the Anglican bishops meeting at the 1998 Lambeth Conference.

The House of Bishops often issues pastorals, sometimes at its own initiative, sometimes at the request of General Convention. These documents have no force of law in ECUSA, but serve as strong advice. For major strength, they need to be passed by both houses of General Convention. For example, see the House of Bishops' Teaching on Human Sexuality, written to be a pastoral but reduced through parliamentary action at the 1994 convention to the lesser status of a "teaching." The House of Bishops cannot legally function as a Roman Catholic magesterium.

Return to Table of Contents 
 
 

New Bishops, Not at General Convention as Bishops in 2000

Thirty-one bishops (19% of all active bishops) have been consecrated or elected since General Convention in 2000.  In 2000 20% had been elected since the previous triennium.  Of the thirty-one new bishops at GC 2003, 25 (81%) are diocesans, coadjutors, or diocesans/coadjutors-elect. Six (19%) are suffragans or suffragan-elect. Even so, this allows for far more continuity and corporate memory in the House of Bishop than in the House of Deputies, where 42.3%  of the House of Deputies will be serving for the first time (up down 1.6% from 2000)

Bishops Elected/Consecrated since the 2000 General Convention

Those already consecrated:

  1. Gladstone B. (Skip) Adams, Bishop of Central New York. bishop@cny.anglican.org
  2. James M. Adams, Bishop of Western Kansas. jameswks@hotmail.com
  3. Neil Alexander, Bishop of Atlanta. bishop@episcopalatlanta.org
  4. Lloyd Allen, Bishop of Honduras. episcopal@mayanet.hn
  5. Mark Andrus, Bishop Suffragan of Alabama. mandrus@dioala.org
  6. Roy F. (Bud) Cederholm, Bishop Suffragan of Massachusetts. budc@diomass.org
  7. John Chane, Bishop of Washington. chanej@abac.com
  8. Philip Duncan, Bishop of Central Gulf Coast. bishopduncan@diocgc.org
  9. Francisco Duque-Gomez, Bishop of Colombia.
  10. Thomas C. Ely, Bishop of Vermont. thomasely@juno.com
  11. Carol Gallagher, Bishop Suffragan of Southern Virginia. REVCJG@AOL.COM
  12. Robert Gepert, Bishop of Western Michigan. RRgepert@aol.com
  13. Gayle Elizabeth Harris, Bishop Suffragan of Massachusetts. shp@diomass.org
  14. Katharine Jefferts Schori, Bishop of Nevada.
  15. Don E. Johnson, Bishop of West Tennessee. donandjeannie@yahoo.com
  16. William Michie (Mike) Klusmeyer, Bishop of West Virginia.
  17. David Jung-Hsin Lai, Bishop Taiwan.
  18. Alan Scarfe, Bishop of Iowa. lastbarn@aol.com
  19. James Shand, Bishop of Easton. diocese@dioceseofeaston.org
  20. George Wayne Smith, Bishop of Missouri. pensmith@pensmith.net
  21. Pierre Whalon, Bishop Suffragan in Charge of The Convocation of American Churches in Europe. Bppwhalon@aol.com

    Plus the 10 who require the consent at GC 2003:

    The Ten Bishops-Elect Who Require the Consent of GC 2003

    Picture unavailable
    C. Franklin Brookhart, Jr.
    Bishop-Elect of Montana.

    Joe Burnett
    Bishop-Elect of Nebraska.

    George Edward Councell
    Bishop-Elect of New Jersey.

    Rayford High
    Bishop Suffragan-Elect of Texas.

    Samuel Johnson Howard
    Bishop Coadjutor-Elect of Florida.

    Jouncy Itty
    Bishop-Elect of Oregon.

    Steven Andrew Miller
    Bishop-Elect of Milwaukee.

    Robert O'Neill
    Bishop Coadjutor-Elect of Colorado.

    V. Gene Robinson
    Bishop Coadjutor-Elect of New Hampshire.

    Dean E. Wolfe
    Bishop-Elect of Kansas
    		   

    In 2000 General Convention only four new bishops sought the consents at General Convention, compared with the 10 above: (J. Curry in CT; Wm. Gregg in E. Oregon; W. Ramos-Orench in CT; J. Waggoner in Spokane)

    Note:  the Constitution of the Episcopal Church states, "No one shall be ordained and consecrated Bishop....without the consent of a majority of the Standing Committees of all the Dioceses, and the consent of a majority of the Bishops of this Church exercising jurisdiction.  But it the election shall have taken place within three months next before the meeting of the General Convention [as is true of the 10 bishops-elect above], the consent of the House of Deputies shall be required in place of that of a majority of the Standing Committees" (Article II.2, page 3 of the Constitution and Canons of the Episcopal Church, 2003).

    Return to Table of Contents

    Bishops Who Have Died since January 1, 2000

    1. John Ashby, Retired Bishop of Western Kansas.
    2. George W. Barrett, Retired Bishop of Rochester and Assisting Bishop of Los Angeles.
    3. Gerald Burrill, Retired Bishop of Chicago.
    4. Anselmo Carral-Solar, Retired Assistant Bishop of Texas.
    5. David R. Cochran, Retired Bishop of Alaska.
    6. Ned Cole, Retired Bishop of Central New York.
    7. James Duncan, Retired Bishop of Southeast Florida.
    8. Charles Gaskell, Retired Bishop of Milwaukee.
    9. Jackson Earle Gilliam, Retired Bishop of Montana and Assisting Bishop of Hawaii.
    10. Hal Gross, Retired Bishop Suffragan of Oregon.
    11. Clarence Haden, Retired Bishop of Northern California.
    12. George Harris, Retired Bishop of Alaska.
    13. Harold Stephan Jones, Retired Bishop of South Dakota.
    14. David H. Lewis, Retired Bishop Suffragan of Virginia.
    15. C. Gresham Marmion, Retired Bishop of Kentucky.
    16. William H. Marmion, Retired Bishop of Southwestern Virginia.
    17. Robert Mize, Retired Bishop In Residence of San Joaquin.
    18. George Quarterman, Retired Bishop of Northwest Texas.
    19. Robert P. Varley, Retired Bishop of Minnesota.


    Gender

    Jane Dixon
    Retired Bishop Suffragan of Washington.
    		 Carol Gallagher
    Bishop Suffragan of Southern Virginia.
    		 Barbara Harris
    Bishop Retired Suffragan of Massachusetts.
    Gayle E. Harris
    Bishop Suffragan of Massachusetts.
    		 Carolyn Irish
    Bishop of Utah.
    		 Katharine Jefferts Schori
    Bishop of Nevada.
    Chilton Knudsen
    Bishop of Maine.
    		 Mary Adelia McLeod
    Retired Bishop of Vermont.
    		 Catherine S. Roskam
    Bishop Suffragan of New York.
    Catherine (Cate) Waynick
    Bishop of Indianapolis.
    		 Geralyn Wolf
    Bishop of Rhode Island.

    The Rt. Rev. Barbara Harris was the first woman ordained bishop in the Episcopal Church, consecrated in 1989 as the Bishop Suffragan of Massachusetts--20 years after the first females were seated in the House of Deputies, 70 years after women's suffrage was ratified in the United States Constitution. Now there are eleven female bishops in ECUSA, up three from GC 2000, but three have also retired since 2000:

      Active

      Ordinaries:

    1. Carolyn Irish, Bishop of Utah. cirish@episcopal-ut.org
    2. Katharine Jefferts Schori, Bishop of Nevada.
    3. Chilton Knudsen, Bishop of Maine. Revcrk@aol.com
    4. Catherine (Cate) Waynick, Bishop of Indianapolis. hob929@aol.com
    5. Geralyn Wolf, Bishop of Rhode Island. bishop@episcopalri.org

      Suffragans:

    6. Carol Gallagher, Bishop Suffragan of Southern Virginia. REVCJG@AOL.COM
    7. Gayle Elizabeth Harris, Bishop Suffragan of Massachusetts. shp@diomass.org
    8. Catherine S. Roskam, Bishop Suffragan of New York. csr125@aol.com

      9. Retirees:

      Ordinary:

    9. Mary Adelia McLeod, Retired Bishop of Vermont. vtbishop3@aol.com

      Suffragans:

    10. Jane Dixon, Retired Bishop Suffragan of Washington. JDixon@EDOW.org
    11. Barbara Harris, Retired Bishop Suffragan of Massachusetts and Assisting Bishop of Washington. bch@diomass.org

    The eight active females are 5% of all active ECUSA bishops. The six ordinaries are 6% of the ordinaries in the 100 domestic dioceses. The two suffragans are 10% of the 21 suffragans in ECUSA. There are no females in ECUSA outside the United States (Province 9 plus Haiti, Europe, Virgin Islands, and Taiwan). Click here to see a map of the provinces.  

    If female bishops increase their share of the House at the same rate that female deputies have experienced, by the year 2023 (34 years after the first female bishop) there will be 27 female bishops (an estimated 17% of the active bishops). Females are almost twice as successful in the House of Deputies.  34 years after the first female deputy, women constitute 38.8 percent of the House (as they did in 2000 also). 

    Women constitute a majority (52%) of the lay deputies, and an even larger percentage (55%) of the new lay deputies. Women constitute only 26 percent of the clergy deputies (up 1/8% from 2000, up 6% from 1997).

    For additional parallel information on the House of deputies, click on Gender.

    Females are only 20.34% of all ECUSA clergy active in the 100 domestic dioceses. Click here to see my report on women priests overall.

    See Famous Female Episcopalians/Anglicans

    Return to Table of Contents 
     
     

    Sexual Orientation

    Two bishops have identified themselves as gay:


    Otis Charles
    Assisting Bishop of California & Retired Bishop of Utah.

    V. Gene Robinson
    Bishop Coadjutor-Elect of New Hampshire.
    		         

    Age and longevity of service

    Thirty-seven  percent of all active bishops have been elected or consecrated since Presiding Bishop Griswold was elected six years ago.  Sixty-two percent the active bishops have been consecrated since 1/1/1994.   No active bishop was consecrated before 1979.  William Swing (Bishop of California) was consecrated in that year.

    The average date of birth for all active bishops right now was October 27, 1943, for an average age of 59.7 (1.2 years older than the average age at GC in 2000, and only .2 of a year older than the average age at GC in 1997.

    Of all 322 living bishops eligible to vote at General Convention:

    The oldest bishop active bishop is 88.8 (well past the age for mandatory retirement), Rt. Richard Millard, Retired Bishop Suffragan of Europe and Assisting Bishop of California.  The oldest living ECUSA bishop is William Crittenden, Retired Bishop of Northwestern Pennsylvania, 95.0; the youngest Johncy Itty, Bishop Elect of Oregon, 40.2. The oldest age known for any deputy is 89.7, Charles Crump, L1 from West Tennessee; the youngest  age known for any deputy is 16.9, Amanda Frank, L3 from Alaska, followed by Ms. Elizabeth Hall (18.4, L5 Vt), Mr. Aldin Barnes (18.5; L3 MT), Ms. Kirstin Nielsen (19.0; L5 ID), Mr. Dustin Spence (19.0; L1 NCal), Mr. Bradley Woodall (19.0; L5 W. Mo.), Ms. Elizabeth Dernier (19.4; L5 Indianapolis), Ms. Jessica Wilkerson (19.5; L1 MT), and Ms. Deborah Robayo (20; L5 Va)

    The average active bishop was born was born two years after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor and only 2 when WW2 ended. The average bishop now was too young to have been drafted in Korea and old enough, had she or he not been clergy, to have been drafted in Vietnam. The average bishop now became an adult after John F. Kennedy was assassinated. The Space Age was a fact of life, not just scientific speculation, in the secondary school education of the average bishop today.

    The average bishop will have been in college during the mid 1960's after the sit-ins, and just as integration began, following the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 155  (96%) of the active bishops were ordained to the priesthood after women were regularly ordained to the priesthood in ECUSA. 155  (96%) of the currently active bishops were ordained to the priesthood after the 1974 resolution of General Convention declaring "homosexuals are Children of God and entitled to the full love, care and pastoral concern of the church."

    We are seeing a shift a bit like that in the early church where once it was mere speculation whether the uncut might remain uncut. Within one generation the uncut were in the vast majority of those hearing, heeding, and spreading the much better news about more important signs of genuine holiness. In a few decades one wondered how on earth a small piece of the male's private part could have ever received the status it once had, and no one would have asked  to peek.

    My friend theologian Norman Pittenger has often told me, "Louie, so long as there is death, there is hope." 

    Click here to see a birthday prayer calendar for all deputies and bishops.

    See ordination and consecration patterns.

    For parallel information on the House of deputies, click on Age.

    Return to Table of Contents
     
     

    Place of Birth: Bishops' Mobility

    Of 161 active bishops, only 20 (12.%) now serve in the states where they were born. 51 (32%) serve in the provinces where they were born.

    Click here to see a map of the provinces.

    Only 74 (46%) of the bishops currently active were elected by dioceses in which they were serving; 89 (55%) were elected bishops within the same province where they served.

    Five (5%) of the 100 ordinaries, ordinaries-elect, or bishops-in-charge  in the 100 domestic dioceses were  born outside the United States.  The other 95 are distributed unequally based on their provinces of birth and the provinces in which they now serve. Clearly the 'Westward Movement' is in action among those elected to the Episcopate: 

    Prv Born vs. Prv. Where Serving
    Click here to see a map of the provinces.

    For parallel information on the House of deputies, click on Birthplace & Mobility.

    Return to Table of Contents
     
     

    Marital History

    Most bishops are married: 153 of the 161 active bishops (95%). Check here to see the names of their spouses.

    At least fifteen bishops currently in the House have divorced, and eleven of those have remarried. One annulled his wife and three children and remarried. At least three diocesans were divorced and remarried before being elected to the episcopacy.

    According to White & Dykman, 2nd ed. General Convention in 1946 amended I.18 to provide for application by persons whose marriage had ended in divorce (or who wished to marry someone whose marriage had ended in divorce) "to the Bishop or Ecclesiastical Authority of the Diocese...for a judgement as to his or her marital status in the eyes of the Church, or for permission to be married by a Minister of this Church..." 2:418.

    The Episcopal Church did not allow clergy to remarry until the 1960's.

    To date, The Rt. Rev. Otis Charles, retired Bishop of Utah and The Rev. Canon Gene Robinson, Bishop-Elect of New Hampshire, are  the only ECUSA bishops who have openly affirmed that they are gay.

    I have marriage data for 138 active bishops who are married and have married only once:

    • 59.4 Avg age now 
    • 34.5  Avg. length of marriage
    • 24.9 Avg. age when married
    • All 137 of the 138 have begotten children:
    Episcopal Progeny
    # Children # Bishops Total Children
    0
    		 1
    		 0
    1 14 14
    2 66
    		 132
    3 39
    		 117
    4 13
    		 52
    5 3
    		 15
    6 2
    		 12
    Totals 138 342
    Avg per bishop 2.5

    Only 8 (5%) of the 161 active ECUSA bishops are single:
     

    1. Sergio Carranza-Gomez, Assisting Bishop of Los Angeles.
    2. Otis Charles, Assisting Bishop of California and Retired Bishop of Utah.
    3. Dorsey F. Henderson, Bishop of Upper South Carolina.
    4. Robert Ladehoff, Bishop of Oregon.
    5. John-David Schofield, Bishop of San Joaquin.
    6. Thomas Shaw, Bishop of Massachusetts.
    7. E. Don Taylor, Resigned Bishop of Virgin Islands and Assistant Bishop of New York.
    8. Geralyn Wolf, Bishop of Rhode Island.

    For parallel information on the House of deputies, click on Parental Status.

    Return to Table of Contents
     
     

    Education

    [Note: See my earlier, more extensive 1998 Report on the Education of 308 Bishops 

            Active bishops who have earned doctorates:

            Not including those who hold just an honorary doctorate  

    1. Neil Alexander, Bishop of Atlanta. bishop@episcopalatlanta.org Moravian BA 76. U SC MM 79. Luth Sthrn TS MDiv 80. GTS: Fell 82-84, 87-89; ThD 93.
    2. Craig Anderson, Resigned Bishop of South Dakota and Headmaster of St. Paul's School, NH. anderson@sps.edu Valparaiso U BA 63, DHL 93. U So MDiv 75, DD 87. Van MA 81, PhD 86.
    3. Harry Bainbridge, Bishop of Idaho. bishopb@idahodiocese.org U So BA 61, MDiv 67, DMin 82.
    4. David Bena, Bishop Suffragan of Albany. bishopbena@albanydiocese.org Stetson U BA 65. Virginia Theological Seminary, VA MDiv 73. Air Cmdr & Stff Coll 80-81. GTF DMin 86. Air War Coll 88. 80-81. GTF DMin 86. Air War Coll 88
    5. C. Franklin Brookhart, Jr., Bishop-Elect of Montana. fbrookhart@aol.com Van DS 70-71. Luth TS MDiv 74. Untd TS DMin 84.
    6. Joe Burnett, Bishop-Elect of Nebraska. jburnett@sewanee.edu SMU MTh 74, DMin 85.
    7. Clarence Coleridge, Assisting Bishop of Pennsylvania and Retired Bishop of Connecticut. How BA 54. Drew U MDiv 60. GTS 60-61. Amer Fndt Rel & Psych 63-66. U CT MSW 73. ANTS DMin 77. Trin DD 84. Berk STD 84. GTS DD 84.
    8. Philip Duncan, Bishop of Central Gulf Coast. bishopduncan@diocgc.org Baldwin-Wallace BA 67. GTS STB 70, 80-81. CP 78.
    9. J. Gary Gloster, Bishop Suffragan of North Carolina. ggloster@episdionc.org Wabash BA. VTS MDiv. DMin.
    10. William Gregg, Bishop of Eastern Oregon. edeo@gorge.net U Rich BA 73. EDS MDiv 77. Boston MA 80. Notre Dame MA 90, PhD 94.
    11. Bertram Herlong, Bishop of Tennessee. U FL BAE 56. U So MDiv 59, STM 70, DD 93. NYTS DMin 81.
    12. Barry Howe, Bishop of West Missouri. barryroberthowe@cs.com Ge AB 64. PDS MDiv 67. U So DMin 89.
    13. Robert Ihloff, Bishop of Maryland. Rihloff@ang-md.org Urs BA 64. ETS MDiv 67. Cntrl CT St MA 71. Fell CP 75. Boston Gestalt Inst 77-78. EDS DMin 86, DD 96. Camb Sabbatical 92.
    14. Johncy Itty, Bishop-Elect of Oregon. johncyitty@clergy.net N/A Phi Beta Kappa
    15. Stephen Jecko, Bishop of Florida. Syr BS 64. GTS MDiv 67. VTS DMin 82. U So DD 95. GTS DD 94. VTS DD 95.
    16. Katharine Jefferts Schori, Bishop of Nevada. Stan BS 74. OR St U MS 77, PhD 83. CDSP MDiv 94.
    17. Don E. Johnson, Bishop of West Tennessee. donandjeannie@yahoo.com Van BA 72. SWTS MDiv 76. GTU DMin 90.
    18. David Jones, Bishop Suffragan of Virginia. djones@thediocese.net WV U AB 65. VTS MDiv 68, DMin 91. CP 74, 80.
    19. Terence Kelshaw, Bishop of Rio Grande. Oakhill Theol Coll. London U DTh 67. Pgh TS DMin 86.
    20. Robert Ladehoff, Bishop of Oregon. robertl@diocese-oregon.org Duke U BA 54. GTS STB 57. VTS DMin 80.
    21. Edwin Leidel, Bishop of Eastern Michigan. edleidel@earthlink.net U WI BS 61. Nash MDiv 64. U So DMin 90.
    22. John Lipscomb, Bishop of Southwest Florida. jlipscom@dioceseswfla.org U NC BA 73. U So MDiv 74. GTF DMin 86.
    23. Paul Marshall, Bishop of Bethlehem. bishop@diobeth.org Concordia-IN AB 69. Concordia-MO MDiv 73. GTS Fell/Lectr 77-82, ThD 82.
    24. Wilfrido Ramos-Orench, Bishop Suffragan of Connecticut. ramoswm@aol.com Cath U PR BA 62. ETSC MDiv 66. Caribbean Cntr for Advncd Stds. GTS 72-74. EBTS DMin 92.
    25. Stacy Sauls, Bishop of Lexington. SFSauls@diolex.org Furman U BA 77. U VA JD 80. GTS MDiv 88. Phi Beta Kappa
    26. Robert Shahan, Bishop of Arizona. RobRShahan@aol.com U KS BS 61. MI St U MBA 67. Nash MDiv 73. NWU PhD 79. SWTS DD 94.
    27. William Smalley, Bishop of Kansas. wsmalley@episcopal-ks.org Leh BA 62. ETS STM 65. Tem MSEd 70. Wesley TS DMin 87.
    28. George Wayne Smith, Bishop of Missouri. pensmith@pensmith.net Baylor U BA 75, MA 78. Nash MDiv 81. U So DMin 93.
    29. James Stanton, Bishop of Dallas. jmsdallas@episcopal-dallas.org Chapman BA 68. TS Claremont DMin 75. CDSP Cert 77. U So DD 94.
    30. Herbert Thompson, Bishop of Southern Ohio. Bishop_Thompson@episcopal-dso.org Linc AB (cl) 62. GTS MDiv 65, DD 89. UTS DMin 92. Ken DD.
    31. Orris G. Walker, Bishop of Long Island. owalker@dioceseli.org U MD BA 64. GTS STB 68, DD 88. Fell U So 70. Drew U DMin 80. U Windsor MA 84. Ya DS DCL 88. GTF MBA 93.
    Exclusive of honorary degrees, of the 161 active bishops in ECUSA, 159 (97%) have earned at least one graduate degree, 66 (41%) have earned at least two graduate degrees, and 17 (11%) have earned three graduate degrees.

      Active bishops who have earned three graduate degrees:
    1. Neil Alexander, Bishop of Atlanta. bishop@episcopalatlanta.org Moravian BA 76. U SC MM 79. Luth Sthrn TS MDiv 80. GTS: Fell 82-84, 87-89; ThD 93.
    2. Craig Anderson, Resigned Bishop of South Dakota and Headmaster of St. Paul's School, NH. anderson@sps.edu Valparaiso U BA 63, DHL 93. U So MDiv 75, DD 87. Van MA 81, PhD 86.
    3. Peter Beckwith, Bishop of Springfield. phbxebs@midwest.net Hillsdale AB 61, DTh 88. U So MDiv 64. Nash STM 74, LHD 92.
    4. Charles Bennison, Bishop of Pennsylvania. cbenni4455@aol.com Lawr AB (scl) 65. SWTS 65-66. Harv BD 68, ThM 70. Claremont MA 77. Fell CP 79. Masland Fell UTS 91-92, STM 92. EDS DD 97.
    5. Clarence Coleridge, Assisting Bishop of Pennsylvania and Retired Bishop of Connecticut. How BA 54. Drew U MDiv 60. GTS 60-61. Amer Fndt Rel & Psych 63-66. U CT MSW 73. ANTS DMin 77. Trin DD 84. Berk STD 84. GTS DD 84.
    6. William Gregg, Bishop of Eastern Oregon. edeo@gorge.net U Rich BA 73. EDS MDiv 77. Boston MA 80. Notre Dame MA 90, PhD 94.
    7. Frank Griswold, Presiding Bishop. Episcopal Church Center. pboffice@dfms.org Harv AB 59. GTS 59-60, DD 85. Oxf BA 62, MA 66. SWTS DD 85.
    8. Bertram Herlong, Bishop of Tennessee. U FL BAE 56. U So MDiv 59, STM 70, DD 93. NYTS DMin 81.
    9. Robert Ihloff, Bishop of Maryland. Rihloff@ang-md.org Urs BA 64. ETS MDiv 67. Cntrl CT St MA 71. Fell CP 75. Boston Gestalt Inst 77-78. EDS DMin 86, DD 96. Camb Sabbatical 92.
    10. Katharine Jefferts Schori, Bishop of Nevada. Stan BS 74. OR St U MS 77, PhD 83. CDSP MDiv 94.
    11. Richard Millard, Retired Bishop Suffragan of Europe and Assisting Bishop of California. U CA AB 35. ETS BD 38. PSR STM. CDSP DD. USC MA.
    12. Benoni Ogwal-Abwang, Collegial Bishop and Rector of St. Paul's in Harrisburg, PA, in Central Pennylvania. Buwalasi Theol Coll Cert Theol 62.BTTC Mukono Dplma Theol 68.Hur BMin 74, DD.
    13. Robert Rowley, Bishop of Northwestern Pennsylvania. RDRowleyJr@aol.com U Pgh BA 62, LLB 65. GW LLM 70. ETSSw MDiv 77, DD 89.
    14. Robert Shahan, Bishop of Arizona. RobRShahan@aol.com U KS BS 61. MI St U MBA 67. Nash MDiv 73. NWU PhD 79. SWTS DD 94.
    15. William Smalley, Bishop of Kansas. wsmalley@episcopal-ks.org Leh BA 62. ETS STM 65. Tem MSEd 70. Wesley TS DMin 87.
    16. George Wayne Smith, Bishop of Missouri. pensmith@pensmith.net Baylor U BA 75, MA 78. Nash MDiv 81. U So DMin 93.
    17. Orris G. Walker, Bishop of Long Island. owalker@dioceseli.org U MD BA 64. GTS STB 68, DD 88. Fell U So 70. Drew U DMin 80. U Windsor MA 84. Ya DS DCL 88. GTF MBA 93.


    This 11 percent is significantly under the 16.4 percent of the clergy deputies in 2003 who have an earned doctorate.

    85 institutions have granted degrees to the 162 active bishops a total of 238 advanced degrees. See the Seminary Alumni Lists for the bishops' names.

        In descending order of the number of degrees granted
         
         
      • VTS, 38
      • GTS, 33
      • USo, 18
      • Nashotah, 13
      • EDS, 10
      • SWTS, 9
      • ETS of Carib, 6
      • ETS, 6
      • CDSP, 4
      • Yale***, 4
      • Berkeley Yale, 3
      • Boston, 3
      • Drew, 3
      • Oxford, 3
      • Claremont, 2
      • Connecticut, 2
      • ETSS, 2
      • Harvard***, 2
      • Huron, 2
      • Lutheran TS, 2
      • NYTS, 2
      • Oregon State, 2
      • PDS, 2 
      • SMU, 2
      • Toronto, 2 
      • Union, 2
      • Vanderbilt, 2


      Those with one ECUSA bishop alumnus/a:

      Alliance Seminary, ANTS, Austin Presbyterian TS , Baylor , Catholic University, Central Connecticut State, Concordia, CUNY, Duquesne, EBTS, Emeraldas, ETD, ETSBH, Florida, FSU , George Washington , GTF, GTU, Hillsdale , Marshall, Mich State, Montana State, Mukono Dplma Theol, North Carolina, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Oregon, Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh TS, Pontiff College , PSR , SATS-Mex LTh, Seabury Divinity School, Seminaria Alianza Guayaquil, Seminary Episc Church in Haiti, South Dakota, St. Jo Coll Nottingham, St. John's Prov. Theological College, St. Lawrence U., St. Thomas Catholic Colorado, Tai Theo. Coll., Temple, Trenton State, U Mass , U. SC., UIowa, Un Ts Cuba, United TS, Univesidad Autonoma, USC, UVA, VTD, Wake Forest Law School, Wesley TS, Windsor, WVirginia, Wycliff
       

    ***Twelve of the 162 active bishops (7.4%) received at least on degree from an Ivy League school (Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, University of Pennsylvania, Yale).  Ivy League schools granted only 2.5% of all advanced degrees awarded these 162 active bishops -- far fewer that the 10% of Ivy League degrees earned by clergy deputies to the General Convention in 2003.  See all bishops who graduated from Ivy League Schools, including those for undergraduate degrees.

    Honor Societies: Phi BetaKappa & Phi Kappa Phi

    Twenty-one (6.5%) of the 322 living bishops graduated Phi Beta Kappa or Phi Kappa Phi:

    1. Allen Bartlett, Retired Bishop of Pennsylvania. allen.jerrie@worldnet.att.net Phi Beta Kappa
    2. George Edward Councell, Bishop-Elect of New Jersey. gcouncell@chslf.org Phi Beta Kappa
    3. Robert Duncan, Bishop of Pittsburgh. duncan@pgh.anglican.org Phi Beta Kappa.
    4. Andrew Fairfield, Bishop of North Dakota. Phi Beta Kappa.
    5. Robert Hibbs, Bishop Suffragan of West Texas. BPHIBBS@AOL.COM Phi Beta Kappa
    6. Johncy Itty, Bishop-Elect of Oregon. johncyitty@clergy.net Phi Beta Kappa
    7. Robert C. Johnson, Retired Bishop of North Carolina. rcj893@msn.com Phi Kappa Phi.
    8. Peter Lee, Bishop of Virginia. Phi Beta Kappa.
    9. Henry I. Louttit, Bishop of Georgia. Phi Beta Kappa.
    10. Charlie McNutt, Retired Bishop of Central Pennsylvania. cfmcn@ezonline.net Phi Beta Kappa.
    11. James Montgomery, Retired Bishop of Chicago. Phi Beta Kappa.
    12. Henry Parsley, Bishop of Alabama. hparsley@dioala.org Phi Beta Kappa.
    13. G. Paul Reeves, Retired Bishop of Georgia. Phi Beta Kappa.
    14. Edward L. Salmon, Bishop of South Carolina. elsalmon@dioceseofsc.org Phi Beta Kappa.
    15. Stacy Sauls, Bishop of Lexington. SFSauls@diolex.org Phi Beta Kappa
    16. John S. Spong, Retired Bishop of Newark. Phi Beta Kappa
    17. John S. Thornton, Retired Bishop of Idaho. Phi Beta Kappa.
    18. Arthur E. Walmsley, Retired Bishop of Connecticut. a_walmsley@conknet.com Phi Beta Kappa.
    19. O'Kelley Whitaker, Retired Bishop of Central New York. okw@worldnet.att.net Phi Beta Kappa.
    20. Andrew Wissemann, Retired Bishop of Western Massachusetts. Phi Beta Kappa.
    21. Robert Witcher, Retired Bishop of Long Island. Phi Kappa Phi.
    This 6.5% is significantly higher than the 3.8% of the House of Deputies who graduated Phi Beta Kappa & Phi Kappa Phi. (See the full list of all ECUSA clergy Phi Beta Kappa.) See also the Phi Beta Kappa FAQ and the Phi Kappa Phi FAQ.

    Legal training

    Six of the 162 active  bishops (3.7%) have law degrees:

    1. Francisco Duque-Gomez, Bishop of Colombia. Universidad Libre de Colombia JD. ETSC Cert. Unv Javeriana.
    2. Dorsey F. Henderson, Bishop of Upper South Carolina. DUSC@aol.com Stetson U BA 61. U FL Coll JD 67. VTS MDiv 77. U So DD 96. VTS DD 96. U So DD 96. VTS DD 96.
    3. Samuel Johnson Howard, Bishop Coadjutor-Elect of Florida. Wake Forest U JD 76. VTS MDiv (cl) 89.
    4. Creighton Robertson, Bishop of South Dakota. CREIGHTON_ROBERTSON@ecunet.org Black Hill St Coll BS 71. U SD JD 76. U So MDiv 89.
    5. Robert Rowley, Bishop of Northwestern Pennsylvania. RDRowleyJr@aol.com U Pgh BA 62, LLB 65. GW LLM 70. ETSSw MDiv 77, DD 89.
    6. Stacy Sauls, Bishop of Lexington. SFSauls@diolex.org Furman U BA 77. U VA JD 80. GTS MDiv 88. Phi Beta Kappa
    That's a small portion compared with the 10.6 percent of all lay deputies known to be lawyers. Furthermore, 16 percent of all diocesan chancellors are in the House.

    See Seminary Alumni Lists regarding bishops, and for additional parallel information about the House of deputies, click on Education.

    Return to Table of Contents
     

     Participation in Interim Bodies 2000-2003

    Fifty-seven active bishops (35%) serve on interim bodies, (a.k.a. "Commissions, Committees, and Boards")

    By contrast, only 15.7% of the deputies serve on interim bodies. 45% of persons on interim bodies are neither deputies nor bishops; put another way, 55% of the members of interim boddies are bishops or deputies..

    Bishops' Currently Assigned to Interim Bodies:

    1. Keith Ackerman, Bishop of Quincy. DoQ@ocslink.com The Executive Council, 2003
    2. Leopoldo Alard, Bishop Suffragan of Texas. ljalard@epicenter.org 2020 Task Force
    3. Lloyd Allen, Bishop of Honduras. episcopal@mayanet.hn Committee to Elect a Presiding Bishop
    4. Harry Bainbridge, Bishop of Idaho. bishopb@idahodiocese.org The Standing Commission on Small Congregations
    5. Charles Bennison, Bishop of Pennsylvania. cbenni4455@aol.com The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    6. Bruce Caldwell, Bishop of Wyoming. Bruce@wydiocese.org The Standing Commission on Small Congregations
    7. Richard Chang, Bishop of Hawaii. rsochang@hawaii.rr.com The Joint Standing Committee on Planning & Arrangements
    8. Steven Charleston, Former Bishop of Alaska, President & Dean of Episcopal Divinity School. scharleston@episdivschool.org The Standing Commission on Anglican and International Peace with Justice Concerns; Anti-Racism
    9. Michael Creighton, Bishop of Central Pennsylvania. Bishopcpa@aol.com The Standing Commission on Domestic Mission and Evangelism
    10. John P. Croneberger, Bishop of Newark. TheBishop@dioceseofnewark.org The Standing Commission on Ministry Development
    11. Theodore A. Daniels, Canon Missioner and Assisting Bishop of Texas. tad931@worldnet.att.net The Executive Council, 2006
    12. Francisco Duque-Gomez, Bishop of Colombia. The Executive Council, 2003
    13. Christopher Epting, Bishop for Ecumenical Relations. cepting@episcopalchurch.org The Standing Commission on Ecumenical Relations
    14. James E. Folts, Bishop of West Texas. BPFOLTS@AOL.COM The Standing Commission on World Mission
    15. Leopold Frade, Bishop of Southeast Florida. bishopfrade@aol.com The Standing Commission on Ecumenical Relations
    16. Carol Gallagher, Bishop Suffragan of Southern Virginia. REVCJG@AOL.COM Anti-racism
    17. Wendell Gibbs, Bishop of Michigan. wgibbs@edomi.org The Standing Commission on Liturgy and Music
    18. J. Gary Gloster, Bishop Suffragan of North Carolina. ggloster@episdionc.org The Standing Commission on Anglican and International Peace with Justice Concerns
    19. Duncan Gray III, Bishop of Mississippi. duncan.m.gray.iii@ecunet.org Committee on Sexual Exploitation, 2003
    20. Frank Griswold, Presiding Bishop. Episcopal Church Center. pboffice@dfms.org The Joint Standing Committee on Planning & Arrangements
    21. Edwin Gulick, Bishop of Kentucky. tedg@episcopalky.org Committee on Sexual Exploitation
    22. Dorsey F. Henderson, Bishop of Upper South Carolina. DUSC@aol.com The Standing Commission on the Structure of the Church
    23. Dan Herzog, Bishop of Albany. bishopherzog@albanydiocese.org The Standing Commission on Domestic Mission and Evangelism
    24. Julio C. Holguin-Khoury, Bishop of Dominican Republic. The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    25. Barry Howe, Bishop of West Missouri. barryroberthowe@cs.com The Standing Commission on Liturgy and Music
    26. Gethin Hughes, Bishop of San Diego. see_sandiego@n2.net 2020 Task Force
    27. Carolyn Irish, Bishop of Utah. cirish@episcopal-ut.org The Standing Commission on Ecumenical Relations
    28. Russell E. Jacobus, Bishop of Fond du Lac. bishop@episcopalfonddulac.org The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    29. Stephen Jecko, Bishop of Florida. The Standing Commission on Ecumenical Relations
    30. James Jelinek, Bishop of Minnesota. gary.g@episcopalmn.org The Joint Standing Committee on Planning & Arrangements
    31. Charles Jenkins, Bishop of Louisiana. bishop@edola.org The Standing Commission on Constitution and Canons
    32. Robert H. Johnson, Bishop of Western North Carolina. bishop@diocesewnc.org The Executive Council, 2003
    33. David Joslin, Resigned Bishop of Central New York and Interim Bishop of New Jersey. bshpjoslin@aol.com The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    34. James A. Kelsey, Bishop of Northern Michigan. jimkelsey@dionomi.org The Standing Commission on Ministry Development
    35. James Krotz, Bishop of Nebraska. diocese@episcopal-ne.org The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    36. John Lipscomb, Bishop of Southwest Florida. jlipscom@dioceseswfla.org The Standing Commission on National Concerns
    37. D. Bruce MacPherson, Bishop of Western Louisiana. dbm3wla@aol.com The Standing Commission on the Structure of the Church
    38. Paul Marshall, Bishop of Bethlehem. bishop@diobeth.org The Standing Commission on Liturgy and Music
    39. Rodney Michel, Bishop Suffragan of Long Island. RodMitre@aol.com Commission on HIV/AIDS
    40. C. Wallis Ohl, Bishop of Northwest Texas. bishop@nwt.org The Standing Commission on Ministry Development
    41. Henry Parsley, Bishop of Alabama. hparsley@dioala.org The Standing Commission on Stewardship and Development
    42. F. Neff Powell, Bishop of Southwestern Virginia. npowell@dioswva.org The Standing Commission on Small Congregations
    43. John Rabb, Bishop Suffragan of Maryland. jrabb@ang-md.org Anti-Racism
    44. Wilfrido Ramos-Orench, Bishop Suffragan of Connecticut. ramoswm@aol.com The Standing Commission on World Mission
    45. Catherine S. Roskam, Bishop Suffragan of New York. csr125@aol.com The Executive Council, 2006
    46. Stacy Sauls, Bishop of Lexington. SFSauls@diolex.org The Standing Commission on Constitution and Canons
    47. Gordon Scruton, Bishop of Western Massachusetts. gscruton@diocesewma.org The Standing Commission on Stewardship and Development
    48. Thomas Shaw, Bishop of Massachusetts. The Standing Commission on National Concerns
    49. Richard L. Shimpfky, Bishop of El Camino Real. rlsecr@redshift.com The Standing Commission on Anglican and International Peace with Justice Concerns
    50. William Skilton, Bishop Suffragan of South Carolina. bskilton@dioceseofsc.org The Standing Commission on World Mission
    51. Andrew Smith, Bishop of Connecticut. adsmith@ctdiocese.org The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    52. E. Don Taylor, Resigned Bishop of Virgin Islands and Assistant Bishop of New York. Bptaylor@dioceseny.org The Standing Commission on Anglican and International Peace with Justice Concerns
    53. Douglas E. Theuner, Bishop of New Hampshire. detheuner@yahoo.com Economic Justice Loan, 2003; The Social Responsibility in Investments Committee, 2003; The Standing Commission on Ecumenical Relations, 2006
    54. James E. Waggoner, Jr., Bishop of Spokane. jimw@spokanediocese.org The Joint Standing Committee on Program, Budget and Finance
    55. Orris G. Walker, Bishop of Long Island. owalker@dioceseli.org The Social Responsibility in Investments Committee
    56. Catherine (Cate) Waynick, Bishop of Indianapolis. hob929@aol.com The Standing Commission on Constitution and Canons
    57. Don Wimberly, Bishop of Texas. dwimberly@epicenter.org The Joint Standing Committee on Nominations


      58. Return to Table of Contents
       

    Non-Participants in Interim Bodies

    Diocesan Bishops Not Serving on Interim Bodies 2000-2003:

    1. Keith Ackerman, Bishop of Quincy. DoQ@ocslink.com
    2. Gladstone B. (Skip) Adams, Bishop of Central New York. bishop@cny.anglican.org
    3. James M. Adams, Bishop of Western Kansas. jameswks@hotmail.com
    4. Neil Alexander, Bishop of Atlanta. bishop@episcopalatlanta.org
    5. Lloyd Allen, Bishop of Honduras. episcopal@mayanet.hn
    6. Harry Bainbridge, Bishop of Idaho. bishopb@idahodiocese.org
    7. David Bane, Bishop of Southern Virginia. DCBANE@EARTHLINK.NET
    8. Peter Beckwith, Bishop of Springfield. phbxebs@midwest.net
    9. Charles Bennison, Bishop of Pennsylvania. cbenni4455@aol.com
    10. C. Franklin Brookhart, Jr., Bishop-Elect of Montana. fbrookhart@aol.com
    11. Jon Bruno, Bishop of Los Angeles. brunojj@earthlink.net
    12. Bruce Caldwell, Bishop of Wyoming. Bruce@wydiocese.org
    13. John Chane, Bishop of Washington. chanej@abac.com
    14. Richard Chang, Bishop of Hawaii. rsochang@hawaii.rr.com
    15. Michael Creighton, Bishop of Central Pennsylvania. Bishopcpa@aol.com
    16. John P. Croneberger, Bishop of Newark. TheBishop@dioceseofnewark.org
    17. Michael Curry, Bishop of North Carolina. MICHAELSHARONC@aol.com
    18. Clifton Daniel, Bishop of East Carolina. cpollock@diocese-eastcarolina.org
    19. Philip Duncan, Bishop of Central Gulf Coast. bishopduncan@diocgc.org
    20. Robert Duncan, Bishop of Pittsburgh. duncan@pgh.anglican.org
    21. Francisco Duque-Gomez, Bishop of Colombia.
    22. J. Zache Duracin, Bishop of Haiti.
    23. Thomas C. Ely, Bishop of Vermont. thomasely@juno.com
    24. Andrew Fairfield, Bishop of North Dakota.
    25. James E. Folts, Bishop of West Texas. BPFOLTS@AOL.COM
    26. Leopold Frade, Bishop of Southeast Florida. bishopfrade@aol.com
    27. Michael Garrison, Bishop of Western New York. bismgarr@nettaxi.com
    28. Robert Gepert, Bishop of Western Michigan. RRgepert@aol.com
    29. Wendell Gibbs, Bishop of Michigan. wgibbs@edomi.org
    30. Duncan Gray III, Bishop of Mississippi. duncan.m.gray.iii@ecunet.org
    31. William Gregg, Bishop of Eastern Oregon. edeo@gorge.net
    32. J. Clark Grew, Bishop of Ohio. bishop@dohio.org
    33. Edwin Gulick, Bishop of Kentucky. tedg@episcopalky.org
    34. Dorsey F. Henderson, Bishop of Upper South Carolina. DUSC@aol.com
    35. Bertram Herlong, Bishop of Tennessee.
    36. Dan Herzog, Bishop of Albany. bishopherzog@albanydiocese.org
    37. Julio C. Holguin-Khoury, Bishop of Dominican Republic.
    38. Barry Howe, Bishop of West Missouri. barryroberthowe@cs.com
    39. John W. Howe, Bishop of Central Florida. BCF3@aol.com
    40. Gethin Hughes, Bishop of San Diego. see_sandiego@n2.net
    41. Robert Ihloff, Bishop of Maryland. Rihloff@ang-md.org
    42. Jack Iker, Bishop of Fort Worth.
    43. Carolyn Irish, Bishop of Utah. cirish@episcopal-ut.org
    44. Russell E. Jacobus, Bishop of Fond du Lac. bishop@episcopalfonddulac.org
    45. Stephen Jecko, Bishop of Florida.
    46. Katharine Jefferts Schori, Bishop of Nevada.
    47. James Jelinek, Bishop of Minnesota. gary.g@episcopalmn.org
    48. Charles Jenkins, Bishop of Louisiana. bishop@edola.org
    49. Don E. Johnson, Bishop of West Tennessee. donandjeannie@yahoo.com
    50. Robert H. Johnson, Bishop of Western North Carolina. bishop@diocesewnc.org
    51. David Joslin, Resigned Bishop of Central New York and Interim Bishop of New Jersey. bshpjoslin@aol.com
    52. James A. Kelsey, Bishop of Northern Michigan. jimkelsey@dionomi.org
    53. Terence Kelshaw, Bishop of Rio Grande.
    54. William Michie (Mike) Klusmeyer, Bishop of West Virginia.
    55. Chilton Knudsen, Bishop of Maine. Revcrk@aol.com
    56. James Krotz, Bishop of Nebraska. diocese@episcopal-ne.org
    57. Robert Ladehoff, Bishop of Oregon. robertl@diocese-oregon.org
    58. David Jung-Hsin Lai, Bishop Taiwan.
    59. Jerry A. Lamb, Bishop of Northern California. bishopjal@dncweb.org
    60. Neptali Larrea-Moreno, Bishop of Central Ecuador. ecuacen@interactive.net.ec
    61. Peter Lee, Bishop of Virginia.
    62. Edwin Leidel, Bishop of Eastern Michigan. edleidel@earthlink.net
    63. John Lipscomb, Bishop of Southwest Florida. jlipscom@dioceseswfla.org
    64. Edward Little, Bishop of Northern Indiana. NorthInd7@juno.com
    65. Henry I. Louttit, Bishop of Georgia.
    66. Mark MacDonald, Bishop of Alaska. mmacdonald@gci.net
    67. D. Bruce MacPherson, Bishop of Western Louisiana. dbm3wla@aol.com
    68. Paul Marshall, Bishop of Bethlehem. bishop@diobeth.org
    69. Larry Maze, Bishop of Arkansas. Bishopmaze@aol.com
    70. Jack McKelvey, Bishop of Rochester. BpJackM@aol.com
    71. Steven Andrew Miller, Bishop-Elect of Milwaukee.
    72. Robert Moody, Bishop of Oklahoma. bishrmoody@msn.com
    73. Alfredo Morante, Bishop of Litoral Ecuador. iedl@gye.satnet.net
    74. C. Wallis Ohl, Bishop of Northwest Texas. bishop@nwt.org
    75. Henry Parsley, Bishop of Alabama. hparsley@dioala.org
    76. William Persell, Bishop of Chicago. dskidmore@epischicago.org
    77. Steven Plummer, Bishop of Navajoland. bishopplummer@aol.com
    78. F. Neff Powell, Bishop of Southwestern Virginia. npowell@dioswva.org
    79. Creighton Robertson, Bishop of South Dakota. CREIGHTON_ROBERTSON@ecunet.org
    80. Robert Rowley, Bishop of Northwestern Pennsylvania. RDRowleyJr@aol.com
    81. Edward L. Salmon, Bishop of South Carolina. elsalmon@dioceseofsc.org
    82. Stacy Sauls, Bishop of Lexington. SFSauls@diolex.org
    83. Alan Scarfe, Bishop of Iowa. lastbarn@aol.com
    84. John-David Schofield, Bishop of San Joaquin. sjoaquin@msn.com
    85. Gordon Scruton, Bishop of Western Massachusetts. gscruton@diocesewma.org
    86. Robert Shahan, Bishop of Arizona. RobRShahan@aol.com
    87. James Shand, Bishop of Easton. diocese@dioceseofeaston.org
    88. Thomas Shaw, Bishop of Massachusetts.
    89. Richard L. Shimpfky, Bishop of El Camino Real. rlsecr@redshift.com
    90. Mark S. Sisk, Bishop of New York. phelmholz@dioceseny.org
    91. William Smalley, Bishop of Kansas. wsmalley@episcopal-ks.org
    92. Andrew Smith, Bishop of Connecticut. adsmith@ctdiocese.org
    93. George Wayne Smith, Bishop of Missou